NIR-H2O2 is a cell-permeable near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent turn-on sensor. NIR-H2O2 has both absorption and emission in the NIR region. NIR-H2O2 responds to H₂O₂with a large turn-on NIR fluorescence signal upon excitation in the NIR region. NIR-H2O2 is capable of imaging endogenously produced H₂O₂in living cells and mice^[1].

NIR-H2O2 is highly selective to H₂O₂over other typical ROS and biorelevant species^[1].
HeLa cells incubated with NIR-H2O2 (5 μM) for 30 min at 37 ℃ provide almost no fluorescence. However, when the living HeLa cells loaded with NIR-H2O2 are further treated with H₂O₂, they give strong fluorescence. NIR-H₂O₂is cell membrane permeable and responsive to H₂O₂in the living cells. When stimulated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), macrophage cells may produce endogenous H₂O₂. The living RAW264.7 macrophage cells loaded with only the NIR sensor NIR-H2O2 (1 μM) display almost no fluorescence. However, the macrophage cells coincubated with PMA (3.0 μg/mL) and the sensor NIR-H2O2 (1 μM) exhibit a dramatic enhancement in the red emission. NIR-H2O2 is capable of fluorescent imaging of endogenously produced H₂O₂in the living RAW264.7 macrophage cells. The mitochondria staining experiments suggest that the sensor mainly associates with the mitochondria of RAW264.7 macrophage cells^[1].

The H₂O₂production in vivo was generated by activated macrophages and neutrophils in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) model of acute inflammation. The mice treated with both LPS and NIR-H2O2 exhibit a significantly higher fluorescence readout than the mice untreated or treated with only NIR-H2O2. The mice loaded with LPS and NIR-H2O2 have approximately 10- and 20-fold higher fluorescence intensity than the mice loaded with saline and the sensor and the mice loaded with saline, respectively^[1].

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C₃₄H₃₃BClNO₄

1392488-04-8

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