HSDL1 is a 330 amino acid protein that belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family and 17-beta-HSD 3 subfamily. Localizing to the mitochondrion, HSDL1 is highly expressed in testis and ovary, with lower levels of expression found in thyroid, spinal cord, adrenal gland, heart, placenta, skeletal muscle, small intestine, colon, spleen, prostate and pancreas. HSDL1 interacts with DUSP24 and is encoded by a gene that maps to human chromosome 16q23.3 and mouse chromosome 8 E1. Chromosome 16 encodes over 900 genes in approximately 90 million base pairs, makes up nearly 3% of human cellular DNA, and is associated with a variety of genetic disorders. The rare disorder Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome is associated with chromosome 16 through the CREBBP gene, which encodes a critical CREB binding protein. Crohn's disease is a gastrointestinal inflammatory condition associated with chromosome 16 through the NOD2 gene.