Technical Note:

1. Widely used in complex multi-step organic syntheses. This mild hydration catalyst converts hindered and acid/base sensitive nitriles to amides. The amide is released from the metal coordination sphere preventing further hydrolysis to acid. Typically . turnover frequency (TOF) ranges from 16 to 380 h-1 depending on steric factors. For optimal results avoid the presence of coordinating anions especially cyanide and halide.

References:

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2.Org. Lett, 2006. 8. 2643

3.J. Org Chem.. 2009. 74. 5405.

4.Tetrahedron Lett.，2010，51，6422

5. Appl. Sci. 2015, 5, 380. (catalyst review article)